在C++中，可以使用标准库中的函数将IPv4地址从字符串（std::string或const char*）转换为无符号整型（unsigned int）。一种常用的方法是利用 inet_pton 函数，或者通过手动解析字符串。以下是两种方法的示例：
方法一：使用 inet_pton
#include <iostream>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
unsigned int ipv4ToUnsignedInt(const std::string& ipv4) {
struct in_addr addr;
if (inet_pton(AF_INET, ipv4.c_str(), &addr) != 1) {
throw std::runtime_error("Invalid IPv4 address");
}
return ntohl(addr.s_addr); // 转换为主机字节序
}
int main() {
std::string ipv4 = "192.168.1.1";
try {
unsigned int result = ipv4ToUnsignedInt(ipv4);
std::cout << "Unsigned int: " << result << std::endl;
} catch (const std::exception& e) {
std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
方法二：手动解析
#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <vector>
unsigned int ipv4ToUnsignedInt(const std::string& ipv4) {
std::istringstream iss(ipv4);
std::string octet;
unsigned int result = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
if (!std::getline(iss, octet, '.')) {
throw std::runtime_error("Invalid IPv4 address");
}
result <<= 8; // 左移8位，为下一个八位组腾出空间
result |= static_cast<unsigned int>(std::stoi(octet)); // 合并当前八位组
}
return result;
}
int main() {
std::string ipv4 = "192.168.1.1";
try {
unsigned int result = ipv4ToUnsignedInt(ipv4);
std::cout << "Unsigned int: " << result << std::endl;
} catch (const std::exception& e) {
std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
注意事项：
- 使用
inet_pton时，确保包含<arpa/inet.h>和链接到正确的网络库。 - 手动解析时，请处理异常和错误情况，例如地址格式不正确。
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