下面是一个使用 C++ 的简单套接字示例，包括服务端和客户端的代码。
服务端代码
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h> // for close()
#include <arpa/inet.h> // for sockaddr_in, inet_addr
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#define PORT 8080
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main() {
int server_fd, new_socket;
struct sockaddr_in address;
int opt = 1;
int addrlen = sizeof(address);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
// 创建 socket 文件描述符
if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
perror("socket failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 将套接字绑定到端口
if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt))) {
perror("setsockopt");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // 接受任何地址
address.sin_port = htons(PORT); // 转换为网络字节序
if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address))<0) {
perror("bind failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 开始监听
if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {
perror("listen");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
std::cout << "Server is listening on port " << PORT << std::endl;
// 接受客户端连接
if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address,
(socklen_t*)&addrlen))<0) {
perror("accept");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 接收数据
read(new_socket , buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
std::cout << "Message from client: " << buffer << std::endl;
const char *hello = "Hello from server";
send(new_socket , hello , strlen(hello) , 0 );
std::cout << "Hello message sent" << std::endl;
close(new_socket);
close(server_fd);
return 0;
}
客户端代码
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h> // for close()
#include <arpa/inet.h> // for sockaddr_in, inet_addr
#define PORT 8080
int main() {
int sock = 0;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
char *hello = "Hello from client";
char buffer[1024] = {0};
// 创建套接字文件描述符
if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
std::cerr << "\n Socket creation error \n";
return -1;
}
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
// 将 IPv4 地址从文本转换为二进制形式
if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serv_addr.sin_addr)<=0) {
std::cerr << "\nInvalid address/ Address not supported \n";
return -1;
}
// 发起连接请求
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
std::cerr << "\nConnection Failed \n";
return -1;
}
send(sock , hello , strlen(hello) , 0 );
std::cout << "Hello message sent from client" << std::endl;
read(sock , buffer, sizeof(buffer));
std::cout << "Message from server: " << buffer << std::endl;
close(sock);
return 0;
}
编译与运行
首先，编译服务端和客户端代码：
g++ server.cpp -o server g++ client.cpp -o client在一个终端中运行服务端：
./server在另一个终端中运行客户端：
./client
注意事项
- 确保在防火墙设置上允许通过指定的端口（例如
8080）进行通信。 - 根据操作系统的不同，有些头文件可能需要根据需要调整。
内容由零声教学AI助手提供，问题来源于学员提问
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