下面是一个简单的C语言示例，演示如何实现TCP客户端和服务器之间的通信。这个示例包括一个基本的TCP服务器和一个客户端。
TCP 服务器
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 8080
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main() {
int server_fd, new_socket;
struct sockaddr_in address;
int opt = 1;
int addrlen = sizeof(address);
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
// 创建socket文件描述符
if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
perror("socket failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 强制将套接字与端口绑定
if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt))) {
perror("setsockopt");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; // 监听所有地址
address.sin_port = htons(PORT);
// 将socket绑定到指定的IP和端口
if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {
perror("bind failed");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 开始监听连接
if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {
perror("listen");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
printf("等待连接...\n");
// 接受新的连接
if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address,
(socklen_t*)&addrlen)) < 0) {
perror("accept");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 从客户端读取数据并发送回去
read(new_socket , buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
printf("来自客户端: %s\n", buffer);
const char *response = "Hello from server!";
send(new_socket , response , strlen(response) , 0 );
printf("响应已发送\n");
close(new_socket);
close(server_fd);
return 0;
}
TCP 客户端
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 8080
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main() {
int sock = 0;
struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
char *hello = "Hello from client";
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};
// 创建socket文件描述符
if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
printf("\n Socket creation error \n");
return -1;
}
serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serv_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
// 将IPv4地址从文本转为二进制形式
if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serv_addr.sin_addr)<=0) {
printf("\nInvalid address/address not supported \n");
return -1;
}
// 发起连接到服务器
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
printf("\nConnection Failed \n");
return -1;
}
send(sock , hello , strlen(hello) , 0 );
printf("消息已发送\n");
read(sock , buffer, BUFFER_SIZE);
printf("%s\n",buffer);
close(sock);
return 0;
}
编译和运行
在Linux环境中，你可以使用以下命令来编译并运行代码：
- 保存服务器代码为
server.c，保存客户端代码为client.c。 - 编译：
gcc server.c -o server gcc client.c -o client - 首先运行服务器：
./server - 然后在另一个终端窗口中运行客户端：
./client
你应该会看到客户端发送的信息以及服务器的响应。这是一个非常基础的TCP通信示例，可以根据需要进行扩展和修改。
内容由零声教学AI助手提供，问题来源于学员提问
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