IPsec SA (Security Association) is a virtual connection established between two IPsec-enabled devices for secure communication. It defines the security protocols, encryption algorithms, and other parameters required to establish a secure tunnel between the two endpoints. Once the IPsec SA is established, all traffic between the two endpoints is encrypted and decrypted using the agreed-upon security parameters. The IPsec SA can be managed through various methods such as manual configuration or dynamic negotiation using protocols like IKE (Internet Key Exchange). The IPsec SA is essential in ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of network traffic in VPN (Virtual Private Network) connections.
